UPSC Prelims GS Paper 1

Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity  Importance of Biodiversity Global Biodiversity Threats to Biodiversity Conservation of Biodiversity In-situ Conservation: Ex-situ Conservation: International Efforts for Biodiversity

Life on Earth 

1. Introduction to Life on Earth 2. Origin of Life 3. Evolution of Life 4. Biodiversity 5. Biomes 6. Ecosystems

Movements of Ocean Water

1. Waves 2. Tides 3. Ocean Currents 4. Upwelling and Downwelling 5. El Niño and La Niña 6. Tsunamis 7.

Water (Oceans)

Distribution of Water on Earth Composition of Ocean Water Temperature of Ocean Water Ocean Currents Tides Waves Ocean Resources Ocean

World Climate and Climate Change

Climate vs. Weather Classification of Climate Koeppen’s Climate Classification Factors Influencing Climate Climate Change Global Warming Role of Human Activities

Water In Atmosphere

Introduction Humidity Evaporation and Condensation Clouds and Their Classification Precipitation Forms of Condensation Types of Rainfall Fog and its Types

Landforms and their evolution

Introduction Geomorphic Agents and Processes Fluvial Landforms (Landforms by Running Water – Rivers) Erosional Landforms by Rivers Depositional Landforms by