Maratha And Other Regional
Kingdom (17 th – 18th CENTURY) (RISE OF SHIVAJI AND MARATHA EMPIRE,ADMINISTRATION AND MILITARY ORGANIXATION,DECLINE OF MUGHAL EMPIRE AND EMERGENCE OF REGIONAL POWERS) Introduction In India, the Maratha Empire ruled from the 17th century to the beginning of the 19th. Under the direction of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, who established the framework for an independent Maratha […]
Mughal Empire (1526-1707)
(Administration, Mansabdari & Jagir System, Economy, Religious Policies, and Cultural Developments) Introduction The Mughal Empire (1526–1707), had a long-lasting effect on the country’s governance, economy, culture, and religious laws. Strong emperors like Babur, Akbar, and Aurangzeb ruled during this time, all of whom helped to administer and expand the empire. India’s socio-political landscape was shaped […]
Vijayanagara and Bahmani Kingdoms (14th-16th Century)
(Political, cultural contributions,administration, economy and art) Introduction In South India, two significant empires emerged between the 14th and 16th centuries: the Bahmani Sultanate and the Vijayanagara Empire. The political, cultural, and economic climate of medieval India was significantly shaped by these kingdoms. Control of Raichur Doab, a strategically significant area between the Krishna and Tungabhadra […]
The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 AD)
(SLAVEDYNASTY,KHALIJIS,TUGHLAQS,SAYYIDS,LODIS—administration,economy,socio-cultural developments,growth of Persian influence and Sufi movements) Introduction The Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) was an Islamic empire that ruled over large parts of the Indian subcontinent. It played a crucial role in shaping medieval Indian history, laying the foundation for administrative systems, cultural exchanges, and socio-economic developments. The Sultanate was governed by five prominent dynasties: […]
Early Medieval India (750-1200)
(Political Structure – Rashtrakutas, Cholas, Palas, Pratiharas, Rajputs Administration, Economy, Society and Religious- Cultural Synthesis of Medieval India) India’s early medieval era was characterized by regional kingdoms, political division, and cultural advancements. Powerful dynasties like the Gurjara-Pratiharas, Palas, Rashtrakutas, and several Rajput clans rose to prominence during this time and significantly influenced the development of […]
Indus Valley Civilization (3300 BC – 1300 BC)
Geography and Archaeological Findings ( Major CItes and Town Planning) Introduction The Harappan Civilization, sometimes called the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), was one of the oldest and most advanced urban cultures in history. The Indus Valley Civilization is regarded as one of the three great ancient civilizations, along with Egypt and Mesopotamia. Its outstanding urban […]
Rig Veda (1500 BC-1000 BC)
Sources for Reconstructing Vedic Society and Culture Introduction Ancient Indian society was profoundly influenced by the Vedic culture, which came after the Harappan civilization. The Vedic literature and archeological discoveries serve as the main resource for reconstructing the Vedic Age. As members of the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family, the Indo-Aryans wrote the […]
Later Vedic Period (1000 BC – 600 BC)
Geography of the Later Vedic Phases – Area of Settlement After the Early Vedic era, India underwent a revolutionary change during the Later Vedic Age. During this time, a settled, agrarian society gradually replaced a pastoral, semi-nomadic way of life, which had a big impact on social, political, and religious systems. During this period, the […]
Jainism (6th Century BC)
Introduction Jainism is one of India’s oldest religions that places a significant value on self-discipline, truth (Satya), and non-violence (Ahimsa). It was established as a reformist movement against Brahmanical orthodoxy in the sixth century B.C. by Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara. The five ascetic vows and the Triratna—Right Faith, Right Knowledge, and Right Conduct—form the […]
Buddhism
Introduction Buddhism is one of the world’s major religions, founded by Gautama Buddha in the 6th century BC. It emerged as a response to the socio-religious conditions of ancient India and provided a unique perspective on life, suffering, and liberation. Birth and Life of Buddha Gautama Buddha, originally named Siddhartha, was born in 563 BC […]
